ISS Expedition 40/41 crew prepare for their mission

The crew members of Expedition 40/41 pose in front of a Soyuz spacecraft simulator in Star City, Russia. From left, Alex Gerst (European Space Agency), Max Suraev (Roscosmos) and Reid Wiseman (NASA). 

Credit: NASA

European Space Agency astronaut Alex Gerst during training prior to Expedition 40/41 in 2014. 

Credit: European Space Agency

The crew (who lifts off in May) will have an action-packed mission.

It will include the arrival of the last Automated Transfer Vehicle, Georges Lemaître (ATV-5) and, if fixes on a NASA spacesuit leak allows, two American maintenance spacewalks.

There also are 162 experiments to perform (this according to Gerst) and if there's time, checking out our home planet.

"Earth observation was not one of the primary goals that [station] was designed for," he cautioned in a phone interview, but he added that one of its strengths is there are people on board the orbiting laboratory that can fill in the gaps for other missions.

Alex Gerst (who was a volcano researcher before becoming an astronaut) pointed out that if a volcano erupts, a typical Earth satellite would look straight down at it.

ISS Astronauts can swing around in the ESA Cupola attached to Node 3, and get different views quickly, which could allow scientists to measure things such as the volcano plume height.

ESA astronaut Alex Gerst trains for medical emergencies in space

An ESA astronaut has been learning medical skills he hopes he never has to use, but which could be vital on the International Space Station, officials said.

European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst has been boosting his medical skills in a busy hospital setting, a release from ESA's Paris headquarters reported Wednesday.

Astronauts spending as much as six months on the ISS need to be able to handle any emergency, since hundreds of miles and a difficult journey are between them and the nearest hospital, the ESA said.

At least two Crew Medical Officers, trained in basic medical procedures from stitching wounds to filling teeth, are assigned to each mission, it said.

Gerst, set to fly to the station in 2014 and already trained to be a Crew Medical Officer, has been at a hospital in Germany to observe some real-life medical cases and practice some highly realistic simulations with a mannequin used to train hospital anesthetists that is so lifelike it blinks, breathes and responds to injections.

"This course gives real-life context to the astronaut's medical training and builds their confidence and experience in dealing with medical problems," ESA flight surgeon Ben Douglas said.

Gerst spent three days at the hospital in operating theaters, the emergency department and the intensive care unit.

"The course was a very useful experience," he said. "Seeing typical injuries on real patients gave me a much more realistic view of what we might have to deal with in space."