Hubble Space Telescope image: Closest Supernova SN 1987A Debris Disk

This Hubble Space Telescope image of SN 1987A shows the brightening ring of supernova debris.

The closest supernova explosion seen in almost 400 years, it is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope are witnessing the unprecedented transition of a supernova to a supernova remnant, where light from an exploding star in a neighboring galaxy, the Large Magellanic Cloud, reached Earth in February 1987.

Named Supernova 1987A, it was the closest supernova explosion witnessed in almost 400 years. The supernova's close proximity to Earth has allowed astronomers to study it in detail as it evolves. Now, the supernova debris, which has faded over the years, is brightening.

This means that a different power source has begun to light the debris. The debris of SN 1987A is beginning to impact the surrounding ring, creating powerful shock waves that generate X-rays observed with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory.

Those X-rays are illuminating the supernova debris and shock heating is making it glow in visible light.

The results are being reported in today's issue of the journal Nature by a team including Robert Kirshner of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), who leads a long-term study of SN 1987A with Hubble.

Since its launch in 1990, the Hubble telescope has provided a continuous record of the changes in SN 1987A.