ESA Sentinel-1 unfolds its large solar wings and radar antenna

Sentinel-1 radar vision. Credit: ESA/ATG medialab

When Sentinel-1 is placed in orbit around Earth in a few weeks, it has to perform a complicated dance routine to unfold its large solar wings and radar antenna.

Engineers have recently been making sure the moves are well rehearsed.

Sentinel-1 is the first in a family of satellites built specifically to provide a stream of timely data for Europe's ambitious Copernicus environmental monitoring programme.

It carries an advanced radar instrument to image Earth's surface through cloud and rain, regardless of whether it is day or night.

Delivering vital information for numerous operational services, from monitoring ice in the polar oceans to tracking land subsidence, Sentinel-1 is set to play a key role in the largest civil Earth-observation programme ever conceived.

Moreover, this new mission is the only European satellite specifically designed for fast response to emergencies such floods and earthquakes.

About seven years in the making, this new satellite will soon be launched from Europe's Spaceport in French Guiana.

Sentinel-1 will be shipped to the launch site next week, but has spent the last couple of months at Thales Alenia Space in Cannes, France, being put through a last set of stringent tests.

This included suspending the satellite from a structure to simulate weightlessness and carefully unfolding the two 10 m-long solar wings and 12 m-long radar.



During launch, the solar wings and radar are folded up for protection and to fit into the Soyuz rocket fairing.

After the satellite is released into space, the solar wings and radar deploy together, but in a specific sequence that takes around 10 hours to complete.

The sequence is unique, choreographed to ensure that both deploy in the safest possible way.

The sequence also allows power from the wings to be available as soon as possible so that the satellite is independent.

The tests have shown that Sentinel-1 can handle this tricky sequence of events and passed with flying colours.

ESA's Sentinel-1 Project Manager, Ramón Torres, said, "The deployment test of the satellite's radar and solar array is a major achievement, especially since there were some very demanding requirements.

Sentinel-1A satellite during radio frequency tests. 

Credit: ESA–S. Corvaja, 2014